Ka haumia ma ka ʻoihana lole
● Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Sun Ruizhe, ka pelekikena o ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā Lahui no nā Mea Hana a me nā ʻAʻahu o Kina, ma ka Climate Innovation and Fashion Summit i ka makahiki 2019, ua lilo ka ʻoihana lole a me nā lole i ka lua o ka ʻoihana haumia nui loa ma ka honua, ʻo ka lua wale nō ma hope o ka ʻoihana ʻaila;
● Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka China Circular Economy Association, ma kahi o 26 miliona tone o nā lole kahiko e hoʻolei ʻia ana i loko o nā ʻōpala i koʻu ʻāina i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a e piʻi aʻe kēia helu i 50 miliona tone ma hope o 2030;
● Wahi a ka manaʻo o ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā Lahui o Kina no nā ʻAʻahu a me nā Mea Hana, hoʻolei aku koʻu ʻāina i nā ʻōpala lole i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e like me 24 miliona tone o ka ʻaila maka. I kēia manawa, hoʻolei ʻia ka hapa nui o nā lole kahiko ma ke kahua hoʻolei ʻōpala a i ʻole ke ahi ʻana, ʻo ia mau mea ʻelua e hoʻohaumia nui ai i ke kaiapuni.
Nā hoʻonā i nā pilikia haumia - nā olonā i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka bio
ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ʻia nā olonā synthetic i loko o nā lole me nā mea maka petrochemical, e like me nā olonā polyester (polyester), nā olonā polyamide (nylon a nylon paha), nā olonā polyacrylonitrile (nā olonā acrylic), a pēlā aku.
● Me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka nele o nā kumuwaiwai aila a me ka hoʻāla ʻana o ka ʻike o ka poʻe i ka palekana o ke kaiapuni. Ua hoʻomaka pū nā aupuni e hana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai aila a loaʻa nā kumuwaiwai hou e pili ana i ke kaiapuni e pani ai.
● Ma muli o ka nele o ka ʻaila a me nā pilikia o ke kaiapuni, ua haʻalele mālie nā ʻoihana hana fiber kemika kuʻuna e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ka ʻAhahui ʻEulopa, a me Iapana mai ka hana fiber kemika maʻamau, a ua huli i nā fiber bio-based i ʻoi aku ka waiwai a emi iki ka hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā kumuwaiwai a i ʻole ke kaiapuni.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea polyester bio-based (PET/PEF) i ka hana ʻana i nā olonā bio-based a meʻili biobased.
Ma ka hōʻike hou loa o "Textile Herald" ma ka "Review and Prospect of World Textile Technology", ua kuhikuhi ʻia:
● Ua alakaʻi ʻo 100% bio-based PET i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻoihana meaʻai, e like me nā mea inu Coca-Cola, ka meaʻai Heinz, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a ua komo pū i nā huahana fiber o nā lama haʻuki kaulana e like me Nike;
● Ua ʻike ʻia nā huahana PET a i ʻole nā pālule PEF bio-based 100% ma ka mākeke.
I ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻike o ka poʻe i ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, e loaʻa i nā huahana bio-based nā pono kūpono i nā kahua o nā huahana lapaʻau, meaʻai a me ka mālama ola kino e pili pono ana i ke ola kanaka.
● Ua kuhikuhi maopopo ka "Hoʻolālā Hoʻomohala ʻOihana Lomilomi (2016-2020)" a me ka "Hoʻolālā ʻElima Makahiki ʻUmikūmākolu o ka ʻOihana Lomilomi" ʻo ka Hoʻolālā Holomua ʻEpekema a me ka ʻenehana a koʻu ʻāina ʻo ke kuhikuhi hana aʻe: e hoʻomohala i nā mea fiber bio-based hou e pani i nā kumuwaiwai petroleum, e paipai i ka ʻOihana ʻOihana o nā fiber bio-based moana.
He aha ka fiber bio-based?
● ʻO nā olonā i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka bio e pili ana i nā olonā i hana ʻia mai nā meaola ola ponoʻī a i ʻole kā lākou mau mea i unuhi ʻia. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka olonā polylactic acid (PLA fiber) i hana ʻia me nā huahana mahiʻai i loaʻa ka starch e like me ka kulina, ka palaoa, a me ka beet kō, a ʻo ka olonā alginate i hana ʻia me ka limu ʻeleʻele.
● ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻano fiber bio-based he ʻōmaʻomaʻo a he aloha i ke kaiapuni, akā he hana maikaʻi loa hoʻi a he waiwai nui hoʻi i hoʻohui ʻia. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā waiwai mechanical, biodegradability, wearability, non-flammability, skin-friendly, antibacterial, a me nā waiwai makū-wicking o nā fibers PLA ʻaʻole i emi iho i nā fibers kuʻuna. ʻO ka fiber Alginate kahi mea maka kiʻekiʻe no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻaʻahu lapaʻau hygroscopic kiʻekiʻe, no laila he waiwai kūikawā kona i ka ʻoihana lapaʻau a me ke olakino. e like me, loaʻa iā mākou kahi kelepona mea hou.ʻili biobased/ʻili vegan.
No ke aha e hoʻāʻo ai i nā huahana no ka ʻike biobased?
Ke makemake nui nei nā mea kūʻai aku i nā huahana ʻōmaʻomaʻo palekana, pili i ke kaiapuni, a me nā huahana bio-sourced. Ke piʻi nei ke koi no nā olonā bio-based ma ka mākeke lole i kēlā me kēia lā, a he mea nui e hoʻomohala i nā huahana e hoʻohana ana i ka hapa nui o nā mea bio-based e hopu i ka pono mua ma ka mākeke. Pono nā huahana bio-based i ka ʻike bio-based o ka huahana inā paha ma ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka kaohi maikaʻi a i ʻole nā pae kūʻai aku. Hiki i ka hoʻāʻo biobased ke kōkua i nā mea hana, nā mea hoʻolaha a i ʻole nā mea kūʻai aku:
● Nīnau a me ka Hoʻomohala Huahana: Hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma muli o ka bio i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka huahana ma muli o ka bio, hiki ke hoʻomālamalama i ka ʻike ma muli o ka bio i loko o ka huahana e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana;
● Ka mana o ka maikaʻi: I ke kaʻina hana o nā huahana bio-based, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻāʻo bio-based ma nā mea maka i hoʻolako ʻia e kaohi pono i ka maikaʻi o nā mea maka o ka huahana;
● Hoʻolaha a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana: He mea hana kūʻai maikaʻi loa ka ʻike bio-based, hiki ke kōkua i nā huahana e loaʻa ka hilinaʻi o ka mea kūʻai aku a hopu i nā manawa kūpono o ka mākeke.
Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke ʻike i ka ʻike biobased i loko o kahi huahana? - Hoʻāʻo Carbon 14
Hiki i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke kalapona-14 ke hoʻokaʻawale pono i nā ʻāpana bio-based a me nā mea i loaʻa mai ka petrochemical i loko o kahi huahana. No ka mea, aia nā meaola hou i ke kalapona 14 i ka nui like me ke kalapona 14 i ka lewa, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe kalapona 14 i nā mea maka petrochemical.
Inā he 100% ka nui o ke kalapona i loaʻa i ka hopena hoʻāʻo bio-based o kahi huahana, ʻo ia hoʻi he 100% bio-sourced ka huahana; inā he 0% ka hopena hoʻāʻo o kahi huahana, ʻo ia hoʻi he petrochemical nā huahana āpau; inā he 50% ka hopena hoʻāʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi he 50% o ka huahana no ke kumu olaola a he 50% o ke kalapona no ke kumu petrochemical.
ʻO nā kūlana hoʻāʻo no nā lole e komo pū ana me ke kūlana ʻAmelika ASTM D6866, ke kūlana ʻEulopa EN 16640, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Pepeluali-22-2022
